The most simple and effective way is to smell the smell. All genuine leather and recycled leather have the smell of skin, while artificial leather has the smell of plastic. In particular, it is more obvious after the skin fiber is ignited. The dermis and regenerated skin emit the smell of burning hair, and generally do not form knots, even if the knots are twisted, they will be broken; the artificial ones will emit a pungent smell, and the knots formed after melting will not be broken.
There are also ways to identify: pressing with your fingers on the surface of leather will have small wrinkles, lift your fingers, wrinkles disappear immediately; artificial is no wrinkles.
Dip a little water on the leather, and then wipe it off slightly, leaving only a layer of water film, which will be absorbed later.
Artificial and recycled skins will not absorb the water film, but can only be volatilized. When the leather is folded in half and relaxed, it is cow hide that wrinkles disappear immediately, and it is regenerated skin that wrinkles do not disappear.
If you look closely at the leather, it will have pores, but the artificial one doesn't. For further description of the main animal species in leather, please see which animal is the main one.
In order to identify the true and false leather, we should also know something about artificial leather (including the upgrade of artificial leather "synthetic leather").
We can use the simplest way to make a piece of artificial leather immediately: cut a piece of any plastic bag and stick it on the cloth with glue with stronger adhesion. This is artificial leather. If you stick the plastic piece on the gauze, it's the fun of making bicycle ponchos.
Modern industrial production of artificial leather is gradually approaching leather, so that it is almost indistinguishable from leather. In the production of artificial leather, powdered PVC plastic is often used. After plasticizer is added, it becomes paste. After being coated on the cloth and dried, it becomes plastic film and adheres to the cloth. This is the direct coating method of PVC artificial leather. If the paste is scratched and coated on a special paper with three-dimensional patterns like relief, dried to form a film, then glued on it and pasted with cloth, and then the paper is peeled off to obtain the artificial leather with three-dimensional patterns, which is the indirect coating method of PVC artificial leather. There is also a kind of PVC which is still powdery after adding plasticizer. Pour it between two hot rollers which rotate inward, PVC powder will be hot extruded into a film, and the film will be pasted onto the cloth. This is calendered PVC artificial leather.
If a interlayer is added between the film and the cloth, a PVC foaming layer with the structure of steamed bread will appear, and the finished product will become a fuller and more elastic artificial leather than the real leather, which can confuse the fake with the real one.
If you spray or roll a layer of coating, you will lose the stickiness of plastic. If you use a steel roll with three-dimensional patterns to press patterns on it, almost all the surface characteristics of leather are possessed by artificial leather.
But the bottom layer of leather is a three-dimensional natural interweaving of protein fibers, which is not the same as the bottom layer of artificial leather, which is made of man-made needle woven fabric. Therefore, a non-woven fabric made of fine fibers with adjustable thickness appears, which is very hairy like the bottom layer of real leather. Therefore, because of the higher degree of simulation, this new kind of artificial leather is called synthetic leather.
However, compared with leather, synthetic leather has less pores, so modern science and technology is trying to produce superfine fibers. The superfine fibers are artificially bonded by imitating the interweaving of leather superfine protein fibers. It is difficult to distinguish the non-woven fabric from leather without careful identification. In this way, the problem of "leather" bottom layer can be solved.
Because polyurethane (PU) slurry is put in water, the solvent will be extracted by water, and the slurry will form a film. If the Pu slurry is applied on the superfine fiber non-woven fabric, after soaking in water, there will be fine pores like leather pores on the membrane.
This is what we are now using to replace - to be exact, it should be that the wet polyurethane synthetic leather, namely superfine fiber synthetic leather (commonly known as PU, referred to as superfine fiber leather), is born. Most leather clothes, almost all sports shoes, the skin of most cars and furniture are made of this kind of 4-6-foot (1.22-1.83-meter) roll of super fiber skin.
